editing

Definition:

A stage of the writing process in which a writer or editor strives to improve a draft (and sometimes prepare it for publication) by correcting errors and by making words and sentences clearer, more precise, and more effective.

See also:

• Editing Checklist
• Copyediting
• Copyediting Terms
• Editor
• Editors and Editing
• An Editor's Five Rules of Thumb
• House Style
• Lessons in Proofreading: Typos, Orpahs, and the Little Demon Titivillus
• Practice in Cutting the Clutter
• Proofreading
• Revision
• Revision Checklist
• Revision and Editing Checklist for a Critical Essay
• Revision and Editing Symbols
• Style Guide
• Top Ten Editing Tips for Business Writers
• Top Ten Online Style Guides
• Wolcott Gibbs's Theory and Practice of Editing

Etymology:

From the French, "to publish, edit"

Observations:

• "There are two types of editing: the ongoing edit and the draft edit. Most of us edit as we write and write as we edit, and it's impossible to slice cleanly between the two. You're writing, you change a word in a sentence, write three sentences more, then back up a clause to change that semicolon to a dash; or you edit a sentence and a new idea suddenly spins out from a word change, so you write a new paragraph where until that moment nothing else was needed. That is the ongoing edit. . . .
  
  "For the draft edit, you stop writing, gather a number of pages together, read them, make notes on what works and doesn't, then rewrite. It is only in the draft edit that you gain a sense of the whole and view your work as a detached professional. It is the draft edit that makes us uneasy, and that arguably matters most."
  (Susan Bell, The Artful Edit: On the Practice of Editing Yourself. W.W. Norton, 2007)



• "The final step for the writer is to go back and clean up the rough edges. . . . Here are some checkpoints:
  
  "Facts: Make sure that what you've written is what happened;
  
  "Spelling: Check and recheck names, titles, words with unusual spellings, your most frequently misspelled words, and everything else. Use a spell check but keep training your eye;
  
  "Numbers: Recheck the digits, especially phone numbers. Check other numbers, make sure all math is correct, give thought to whether numbers (crowd estimates, salaries, etc.) seem logical;
  
  "Grammar: Subjects and verbs must agree; pronouns need correct antecedents; modifiers must not dangle; make your English teacher proud;
  
  "Style: When it comes to repairing your story, leave the copy desk feeling like the washing machine repair guy who has nothing to do."
  (F. Davis, The Effective Editor. Poynter, 2000)



• "A large portion of everyday editing instruction can take place in the first few minutes of class . . .. Starting every class period with invitations to notice, combine, imitate, or celebrate is an easy way to make sure editing and writing are done every day. I want to communicate with my instruction that editing is shaping and creating writing as much as it is something that refines and polishes it. . . . I want to step away from all the energy spent on separating editing from the writing process, shoved off at the end of it all or forgotten about altogether."
  (Jeff Anderson, Everyday Editing. Stenhouse, 2007)



• "Rewriting is the essence of writing well: it's where the game is won or lost. . . . Most writers don't initially say what they want to say, or say it as well as they could. The newly hatched sentence almost always has something wrong with it. It's not clear. It's not logical. It's verbose. It's klunky. It's pretentious. It's boring. It's full of clutter. It's full of cliches. It lacks rhythm. It can be read in several different ways. It doesn't lead out of the previous sentence. It doesn't . . . The point is that clear writing is the result of a lot of tinkering."
  (William Zinsser, On Writing Well. Harper, 2006)

Pronunciation: ED-et-ing